某高校在校大学生一学年门诊疾病谱分析

Disease Spectrum of Outpatient Service Among University Undergraduate Students During one Academic Year

目的分析某高校在校大学生门诊疾病谱,探讨有效的疾病预防措施。方法随机选取某高校2015-09/2016-06在校大学生5 600例作为研究对象,回顾性分析门诊病历资料,统计在校大学生门诊疾病类型及发病率,不同性别及不同年级发病情况。结果 5 600名在校大学生门诊疾病类型有上呼吸道感染、痛经、急性胃肠炎、龋齿与牙周炎、过敏性鼻炎与皮炎、抑郁、外伤7种。总发病人数为955例,发病率17.05%,其中上呼吸道感染400例(7.14%)、龋齿与牙周炎315例(5.63%)、急性胃肠炎124例(2.21%)。女生组与男生组上呼吸道感染、痛经、急性胃肠炎、过敏性鼻炎与皮炎、外伤发病比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),龋齿与牙周炎、抑郁比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。四年级上呼吸道感染、急性胃肠炎、外伤发病率分别为5.76%、0.22%、0.22%均低于一年级(9.33%、3.60%、1.06%),二年级(6.78%、2.66%、0.70%),三年级(6.65%、2.31%、0.29%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),痛经、龋齿与牙周炎、过敏性鼻炎与皮炎、抑郁比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论呼吸道疾病、消化系统疾病及龋齿与牙周炎在大学生中发病率较高,学校应加强预防,鼓励学生加强体育锻炼、指导学生养成良好的生活习惯,以降低疾病的发病率。

Objective To explore the effective prevention measures for college students by disease spectrum analysis of university outpatient service. Methods 5 600 college students were randomly selected from September2015 to June 2016. The outpatient medical records were retrospectively analyzed for disease type and incidence of different gender and grade. Results 7 disease types among the 5 600 college students of outpatient service,were acute upper respiratory tract infection,dysmenorrhea,gastroenteritis,caries and periodontitis,allergic rhinitis and dermatitis,depression and trauma. In total number of 955 disease cases with 17. 05% incidence,400 cases(7. 14%) were upper respiratory tract infections,315 cases( 5. 63%) were dental caries and periodontitis 124 cases were,acute gastroenteritis(2. 21%). Female and male group were significantly different on upper respiratory tract infection,dysmenorrhea,acute gastroenteritis and trauma( P < 0. 05),no significant difference on caries and periodontitis,depression( P > 0. 05). Incidence of upper respiratory tract infection,acute gastroenteritis and trauma among seniors were 5. 76%,0. 22% and 5. 76% respectively,lower than that in freshmen(9. 33%,3. 60%,1. 06%),sophomores(6. 78%,2. 66%,0. 70%) and juniors(6. 65%,2. 31%,0. 29%) with significant difference( P <0. 05); there was no significant difference on dysmenorrhea,caries and periodontitis,allergic rhinitis and dermatitis and depression( P > 0. 05). Conclusion Respiratory disease,digestive system diseases and caries and periodontitis are high incidence disease among college students. It should be strengthened on education and prevention,to encourage more physical exercise and good habits to reduce the incidence of disease.