适宜河北省种植的高产夏玉米品种筛选

Screening of High Yield Summer Maize Varieties Suitable for Planting in Hebei Province

为了筛选出适宜河北省夏玉米区种植的高产玉米品种,2014年以华北平原近5 a审定的15个夏玉米品种为试材,以2000年以来一直作为我国夏玉米栽培试验对照品种的郑单958为对照,在种植密度7.5×10~4株/hm^2条件下,对玉米植株性状、穗部性状、叶面积指数、透光率和产量进行了测定,并对品种进行了综合评价。结果表明:强生928总体表现最好,该品种穗数稳定,千粒重高,株高和穗位高中等,茎秆抗弯曲力较强,生育期光能截获率高,产量居参试品种第1位,达到了10 908.1 kg/hm^2;冀丰223次之,总体表现较好,该品种穗粒数较高,单位面积穗数和千粒重与对照相当,株型紧凑,穗位叶以上叶片直立性好,株高较低,穗位高中等,茎秆抗弯曲力较高,前期生长较快,生育期光能截获率较高,漏光损失较小,产量居参试品种第2位,为10 273.5 kg/hm^2。强生928和冀丰223总体表现较好,较适宜在河北省夏玉米区推广种植。

In order to screen out the high yield maize varieties suitable for planting in Hebei,we conducted an experiment with fifteen cultivars being audited in the past 5 years in the North China Plain in 2014. Zhengdan 958 was used as a control cultivar,which has been the control variety of summer maize cultivation experiment since 2000. The planting density of 7.5 ×10^4 plants/hm^2. The plant characters,ear characters,leaf area index, light transmission and yield were determined, and the cultivars were comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that Qiangsheng 928 were better, and it showed stable spike number and kept higher 1 000-grain weight. It had medium plant height and ear height, strong basal stem, and the light interception rate of the growth period was high. Its yield was first in all the tested varieties which reached 10 908.1 kg/hm^2 for Qiang-sheng 928. Secondly, the better cultivar was Jifeng 223, and it showed higher kernel number per ear, the spike number per unit area and 1 000 grain weight were equivalent to the control cultivar. It had compact plant type, lower plant height, medium ear height, strong basal stem, small angle between leaf and stem, and its light interception rate of the growth period was high. Its yield was second in all the tested varieties which reached 10 273.5 kg/hm^2 for Jifeng 223. Therefore, these of two maize cultivars for Qiangsheng 928 and Jifeng 223 were more suitable be expanded in Hebei.