花生/黑麦一年两作条件下黑麦适宜播期的研究

Study on the Appropriate Sowing Date of Rye in the Rotation of Peanut and Rye During One Year

为了明确河北省花生/黑麦一年两作条件下黑麦的适宜播期,采用大田试验与室内分析相结合的方法,研究了黑麦不同播期对花生/黑麦一年两作中黑麦产草量、蛋白产量、地上部分养分蓄积量以及后茬花生荚果产量的影响,并分析了黑麦地上部分氮磷钾养分蓄积量和花生荚果产量与黑麦干草产量的相关性。2 a试验结果表明:随着播期推迟,黑麦产草量、蛋白产量和经济效益均呈显著的下降趋势,而蛋白含量和后茬花生荚果产量均呈明显的增加趋势;黑麦地上部分氮、磷、钾养分蓄积量与其干草产量均呈极显著的正相关,花生荚果产量与黑麦干草产量呈极显著的负相关。因此,在河北省春花生收获后,应尽早播种黑麦。为了减少黑麦生长对土壤养分的过度消耗,保证后茬花生的高产高效,在黑麦生长过程中应进行合理施肥。

The combining methods of field experiment and laboratory analysis were adopted to study the effects of the different sowing date of rye on the grass yield,the protein yield,and nutrients amount of growing stock of rye and the yield of the following peanut, and to analysis the relation among the N, P and K nutrients amount of growing stock of rye,the pod yield of the peanut and the dry biomass of rye,whose aim was to de-termine the appropriate sowing date of rye in the rotation of peanut and rye. The results showed that the grass yield, the protein yield, and the profit of rye were all on significant downward trend except for the protein content of rye and the pod yield of the following peanut were on increasing trend with the sowing date post-poned. And there was a significant positive correlation between the N, P and K nutrients amount of growing stock and the dry biomass of rye,but a significant negative correlation between the pod yield of peanut and the dry biomass of rye. In a conclusion,the rye should be sown as soon as early after the harvest of spring peanut in Hebei, and the rye should be reasonable fertilization during its growth period to reduce the nu-trients amount of soil being depleted by rye and to ensure the high yield of peanut.