小于胎龄儿的发生及干预治疗的研究进展

Research progress of the occurrence and the intervention therapy of small for gestational age

小于胎龄儿(SGA)体格发育障碍的发生率较适于胎龄儿高,而且其经常并发围生期窒息,所以常可能导致一些神经系统后遗症。SGA的发生主要与母体因素有关,包括妊娠妇女的人口特征、暴露因素及合并症、并发症等,同时也与环境因素及其他因素相关,这些为SGA的预防提供依据。对于已经发生SGA的干预治疗显得尤为重要,主要包括早期营养干预、激素治疗以及合并围生期脑损伤SGA的药物治疗等。

The incidence of physique development deficiency is higher in small for gestational age （SGA） infants than appropriate for gestational age infants.They often concurrent suffocated in the perinatal period, therefore it always leads to some neurological sequelae.The occurrence of SGA mainly associated with maternal factors including demographic characteristics,exposure factors and complication of pregnancy women,and etc.Meanwhile,it is also associated with envi- ronmental factors and other factors,these provide a basis for the prevention of SGA.SGA intervention treatment is particularly important,including early nutritional intervention,growth hormone therapy and drug treatment to the brain damage in the perinatal period SGA,and etc.