地铁列车振动实测与共振理论分析

Test of Rail Transit Vehicle Vibration and Analysis Resonance Theory

为研究地铁列车的竖向振动机理,以南京地铁1号线南延线某区间工程为背景,推导了考虑车钩约束的地铁列车运动方程,对车体的自由振动进行现场测试,得到地铁车辆的自振特性,据此分析其共振条件,并对地铁运行时引起的列车振动进行测试,验证了理论分析结果的正确性。结果表明:车速越高,车辆的载客率越高,桥梁周期性不平顺引起的外荷载输入频率越接近于车辆的卓越自振频率,导致车体共振概率越大;车速较低、车辆的载客率较低时,桥梁周期性不平顺引起的外荷载输入频率越小于车辆的卓越自振频率,导致车体共振概率越小。

In order to analyse the vertical vibration mecha- nism of subway vehicles in the background of the south ex- tension on Nanjing subway Line 1, a subway train motion- equation considering coupling constraints is developed. Through in-situ measurement of the free vibration of vehi- cles body, the natural vibration characteristics of metro train is obtained. Then the resonance condition is ana- lyzed, the vehicles vibration induced by metro train is test- ed on the site, which verifies the correctness of the theo- retical analysis result. It shows that the higher train speed, the higher load factor; when the external input frequency induced by bridge periodic irregularities comes closer to the vehicle＇s natural frequency, the resonance probability of vehicle will increase. While with lower train speed and load factor, the external input frequency induced by bridge peri- odic irregularities will be smaller than vehicle＇s natural fre- quency, which will decrease the resonance probability of vehicle consequently.