马克思主义理论视域下的生态辩证法(一)——“人#1#自然”系统的历史生成

Ecological Dialectics from the Perspective of Marxism(1): "Human-Nature" System's Historical Generation.

马克思主义理论视域下的生态辩证法是运用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法研究"人—自然"系统的生成、演化和发展的普遍规律的科学。因此,"人—自然"系统的生成是首先要研究的问题。"人—自然"系统的生成不是预定的或既成的,而是经历了一个历史发生过程。它大体上经历了原始发生、社会生成和系统发生三个阶段。自然运动推动着自然系统从低级向高级、从简单向复杂演化,进而推动着"人—自然"系统原始发生。在自然运动的基础上,以劳动为基础和中介,产生了社会运动。这样,劳动就将自然和社会整合了起来。劳动推动着原初自然向人化自然和人工自然的生成,这也就是"人—自然"系统的社会生成。以劳动为中介进行的人与自然的物质变换生成不可分割的整体即"人—自然"系统,在这个系统里,人、自然、劳动、物质变换四者系统发生,成为一个有机整体。

Ecological dialectics regards ＂Human-Nature＂ system as the research object and it is the universal law science about the formation, evolution and development of ＂Human-Nature＂ system. ＂Human-Nature＂ system is not scheduled or given, but has experienced a historical process. It generally has experienced the original occurrence, generation of the society and generation of system. Natural movement promotes the evolution of natural systems from low lever to high lever, from simple to sophisticated, thus promoting the original occurrence of ＂Human-Nature＂ system. Natural movement via the mediation of labor generates the social movement. The labor will combine nature with social together. Labor promotes the formation from the original nature to the humanized nature and artificial nature, which is the social generation of ＂Human-Nature＂ system. Labor is the mediation of metabolism between human and nature, which forms ＂Human-Nature＂ system. In this system, human, nature, labor and metabolism are phylogenetic, which become an organic whole.