集成TRIZ的机加夹具方案公理化设计

Configuration axiomatic design method for the machining fixtures integrating TRIZ

目前在制造企业中,机加夹具方案设计多依赖于设计者的经验,对已有夹具实例的重用度不高,整个方案设计过程缺乏科学的理论框架作为指导。针对该问题,将公理设计(AD)理论和发明问题解决理论(TRIZ)相结合,提出了集成TRIZ的机加夹具方案公理化设计方法。在构建机加夹具多级实例库的基础上,设计了机加夹具功能-结构分解与映射算法,将夹具方案生成过程转化为基于功能需求检索多级夹具实例的过程,从而可快速生成机加夹具初始方案,之后运用AD独立公理对初始方案进行耦合性分析,确定存在耦合的夹具功能;通过构建机加夹具方案设计属性与TRIZ冲突矩阵39个工程参数之间的关联表,将耦合夹具功能快速转化为TRIZ工程参数,并运用TRIZ冲突消解工具解决机加夹具方案中的功能耦合问题;提出了基于模糊信息公理的机加夹具方案评价方法,分别计算定性和定量的夹具评价指标的信息量,为夹具方案的优选提供科学的决策依据。最后以某航空发动机机匣铣削夹具的方案设计为例,验证了所提方法的有效性和可行性。

In the manufacturing enterprises,machining fixture scheme design is rely heavily on the designer＇s empirical knowledge,and it is lack of a theoretic framework to guide the process of machining fixture configuration. This leads to poor design standardization,quality difference,and low reuse efficiency on existing fixture case. Thus,a design method based on integrating Axiomatic Design（ AD）and TRIZ is proposed firstly. The design case of fixture is decomposed on the basis of AD theory,and meanwhile,the multi-hierarchy case database is constructed. Then,the function decomposition algorithm is designed to search for sub-solutions for sub-FR. After that,the fixture initial design schemes is generated and then using independent Axiom to analyze coupling. To achieve the rapid transformation from fixture scheme design attributes to TRIZ engineering parameters,the associated table between TRIZ engineering parameters and fixture scheme design is built. The fixture scheme decoupling design can be implemented by using TRIZ conflict resolving theories.Finally,the effectiveness and feasibility of this method are verified in a milling fixture scheme design for the aero-engine casing.