分形视角下黄土高原沟壑区城乡用地形态研究——以陕北米脂研究区为例

SUITABLE URBAN-RURAL LAND USE FORM IN GULLY AREA IN THE LOESS PLATEAU FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FRACTAL THEORY: A CASE STUDY OF MIZHI, NORTHERN SHAANXI PROVINCE

分形理论作为研究复杂系统自相似规律的前沿理论,为城乡空间研究领域提供了新的视角并发挥着重要作用。以米脂沟壑区为例,借助分形理论与方法,探讨在复杂地形地貌区制约下城乡空间发展的路径与模式。首先基于黄土高原的沟壑地貌特征及其人居环境的发展需求,针对米脂研究区提出不同的城乡空间发展构型;然后计算并比较不同城乡空间构型的分维数据与分形图式,揭示城乡用地形态与分维特征的对应关系,进而分析影响研究区城乡空间分形特征的因素;最后以分形优化为指导提出米脂研究区城乡空间发展的适宜形态。

Fractal theory, as a frontier theory in the domain of studying self-similarity rules of a complex system, provides a new perspective and plays an important role in the research field of urban-rural spatial form. By taking the gully area of Mizhi as an example and using the fractal theory and methods, the paper discusses the path and mode of urban-rural spatial development under the restriction of complex terrain. The paper first proposes different forms of urban- rural development for Mizhi area based on the characteristics of gully landform and the development needs of living environment in the loess plateau. It then reveals the relationship between the urban-rural land use form and fraetal characteristics by calculating and comparing the fractal dimensions of the different spatial forms. Furthermore, the paper also explores the factors which influence the fractal characteristic of urbanrural spatial form. In the end, the paper puts forward the suitable form for the urban-rural spatial development in Mizhi area under the guidance of fractal index.