北京市初中史、地、政、生“教非所学”教师产生的原因及解决对策

The Causes and Countermeasures to the Emergement of “Out-of-Field Teaching” for the Four-Subjects in Junior Middle School in Beijing

北京市新中考改革将史、地、政、生4个学科纳入中考范围,这对初中史、地、政、生"教非所学"教师的角色调整和适应提出了挑战。为了更好地迎接这一挑战,在劳动力市场供求理论的指导下分析了"教非所学"教师产生的原因并提出了应对之策。分析发现,"教非所学"教师产生的原因是史、地、政、生教师的刚性需求和有效供给不足,其中,刚性需求是根本原因。解决这一现象要根据各类原因,坚持标本兼治,增加有效供给,逐步消除史、地、政、生教师"教非所学"的现象。

The new reform of the high school entrance exam has put the four- subjects, including history, geography,polity and biology into the scope,and the challenges are emerged for the role and adaptability of the teachers who undertaking the four-subjects but non-professional for them. In order to meet the challenges, under the guidance of the theory of supply and demand in the labour market, the paper analyzed the causes for ＂out- of-field teaching＂ and put forward the solutions for it. The analysis found that the causes of ＂out- of-field teaching＂ are the rigid demand and the lack of effective supply for the teachers, and the rigid demand is the root cause. According to the various reasons,we should seek both temporary and permanent solutions, increasing effective supply,and gradually eliminating the phenomenon of ＂ out- of-field teaching＂ for the four- subjects.