固体酸SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2在浒苔和小球藻乙醇热液化中的应用

Application of Solid Acid SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2 in Ethanol Thermal Liquefaction of Enteromorpha Prolifera and Chlorella

采用沉淀-浸渍法制备SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2固体酸,考察了该固体酸对催化浒苔和小球藻乙醇热液化所得生物油产率、热值及组成的影响。结果表明,550℃焙烧制得的SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2固体酸表面酸性较强,催化效果最佳,能显著提高生物油的产率。对于浒苔的乙醇热液化,与未引入催化剂相比,生物油的产率从40.54%提升至49.82%,残渣收率从41.38%降至37.53%;对于小球藻的乙醇热液,与未引入催化剂相比,生物油的产率从45.10%提升至64.84%,残渣收率从14.78%降至6.77%。浒苔液化所得生物油主要成分是半乳糖类物质,小球藻液化生物油的主要成分为酯类和酰胺类、吲哚类等含氮化合物,SO2-4/ZrO_2固体酸能促进液化过程的进行,提高了浒苔液化所得生物油中半乳糖类物质的含量和小球藻液化所得生物油中乙酯类物质的含量。

The solid acid catalyst SO4^2-/ZrO2 was prepared by the impregnation method, and the effect of the solid acid SO4^2-/ZrO2 on the yield and higher heating value （HHV） of biooil from liquefaction of algae was investigated. Results showed that the solid acid catalyst SO4^2-/ZrO2 calcined at 550℃ had the optimal catalytic activity in both Enteromorpha prolifera and Chlorella ethanol thermal liquefaction, which could increase the yield of biooil. Compared with the Enteromorpha prolifera ethanol thermal liquefaction without catalyst, the yield of biooil increased from 40.54% to 49.82%, while the residue yield decreased from 41.38% to 37.53%. Compared with the Chlorella thermal liquefaction without catalyst, the yield of biooil increased from 45.10% to 64.84%, while the residue yield decreased from 14.78% to 6.77%. The biooil from Enteromorpha prolifera ethanol thermal liquefaction contained a large amount of galactoses, while the biooil from Chlorella ethanol thermal liquefaction was composed of ester compounds and nitrogencontaining compounds. In the presence of the solid acid catalyst SO4^2-/ZrO2, the content of galactoses increased in the biooil from Enteromorpha prolifera ethanol thermal liquefaction and the content of ester compounds increased in the biooil from Chlorella ethanol thermal liquefaction.