电动汽车充电桩对电能质量和电磁环境的影响

Influence on Power Quality and Electromagnetic Environment to Electric Vehicle Charging Pile

通过研究电动汽车充电原理,分别建立了交流和直流充电桩电路模型,分析了多台电动汽车充电时对电流谐波畸变率和功率因数的影响;建立了电动汽车充电桩传导和辐射EMI噪声模型,分析了噪声生成机理及其传输路径。理论分析与实验结果表明,随着充电台数的增加,交流充电桩的电流谐波畸变率增大、功率因数不变,直流充电桩的电流谐波畸变率不变、功率因数增大,且直流充电桩频段在25 Hz^1 kHz和5~50 kHz时产生强烈的EMI噪声。

The circuit models of AC and DC charging piles have been proposed by studying the charging principle in the paper. The influence on the total current harmonic distortion （TCHD） and power factor（PF） have been analyzed while many electric vehicles were charging simultaneously. Moreover, the conducted and radiated EMI noise models have been established and the noise mechanism and paths have also been analyzed. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that with the electric vehicle increasing, the TCHD increasing and PF unchanging in AC charging pile; while the TCHH unchanging and PF decreasing in DC charging pile. And the serious electromagnetic interference （EMI） noises will be generated due to the DC charging pile, especially 25 Hz^1 kHz and 5~50 kHz.