基于UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass技术的山羊奶、大豆奶、牛奶的脂质组分析研究

Lipidomics profiling of goat milk, soymilk and bovine milk by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry

乳制品是不同种类脂质的丰富来源,对人类健康至关重要。本研究基于UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass技术建立了不同类型乳制品(包括山羊奶、大豆奶和牛奶)全面脂质组分析的方法。研究表明:共5种神经酰胺(Cer),9种鞘磷脂(SM),4种溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC),21种磷脂酰胆碱(PC),14种磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE),17种甘油二酯(DG),300种甘油三酯(TG),7种磷脂酸(PA),9种磷脂酰甘油(PG),20种磷脂酰肌醇(PI),14种磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS),4种溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(LPE)和38种脂肪酸(FA)被检出,并且其种类和含量在不同类型乳制品中的分布差异显著。其中,大豆奶中富含磷脂(包括PC、PE、PS、PG),而山羊奶中富含中链甘油三酯(MCT)、不饱和脂肪酸(USFA)、ω-6 FA和ω-3 FA(尤其是EPA和DHA)。此外,本研究基于脂质组分差异建立了PLS鉴别模型,并筛查出14类脂质标记物用来鉴别乳制品的类型,从而为乳制品真实性鉴别奠定基础。

Lipids are very important for human health and milk is a rich dietary source of lipids.In this study, the lipid content in three types of milk （goat, soy and bovine）were determined by using UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry.A total of 13 classes of lipids（including Cer, SM, LPC, PC, PE, DG, TG, PA, PG, PI, PS, LPE, FA）were measured.Moreover,lipid profiles differed significantly between the different milk types.Soymilk is rich in phospholipids in-cluding PC, PE, PS, PG,while goat milk is rich in medium chain triglycerides （MCT）, USFA,ω-6 FA and ω-3 FA, especially EPA and DHA. Furthermore, a PLS model was established for differentiation of milk types based on the lipid profiles. A total of 14 lipids were identified as biomarkers for differentiation of milk types, thus providing a basis for milk authentication and detection of adulteration.