露天煤矿开采对呼伦贝尔草原地类变化研究

The influence of open-cut mining to Hulunbuir grassland land classification

基于2000年、2005年和2010年的三期Landsat4/5TM遥感影像,运用ArcGIS软件,制作2000年、2005年和2010年呼伦贝尔草原地类分布图,定量分析露天煤矿开采对整个呼伦贝尔草原的影响:(1)整个呼伦贝尔草原地类变化剧烈程度减缓,整体规模趋于平衡,主要集中在草地转为建设用地和未利用土地,草地减少比重为0.38%;(2)露天煤炭开采加大草地减少面积,草地减少比重为3.09%,地类变化剧烈;(3)露天煤炭开采区耕地、林地、湿地、水域变化相对稳定,建设用地和未利用土地不断增加,主要来源于草地面积的减少。

Based on the imagery interpretation of Landsat4/5 TM in 2000, 2005 and 2010. Using ArcGISsoftware, I made the vegetation distribution of Hulunbuir grassland and quantitatively analyzed the influence of open cut mining to the Hulunbuir grassland： ①The Hulunbuir grassland vegetation intensity change retarded. The overall scale approached equilibrium and major concentrated in the grassland turning into construction lands and unused lands. The ratio of the reducing grassland is 0.38%. ② The open cut mining increase the grassland reducing area. The ratio of the reducing grassland is 3. 09%. Vegetation change dramatically. ③ In the area of the open cut mining, the changes of the arable land, forest land, wetland and water are relatively stable. The increasing of the construction lands and unused lands are mainly from the reducing grassland.