上海顾村公园人工群落1 hm^2样地草本植物多样性研究

Herb Diversity on a 1 hm^2 Plot of Artificial Communities in Gucun Park,Shanghai

为探讨城市公园草本植物多样性特征,文章对上海顾村公园1 hm^2样地长期动态监测的草本植物多样性进行调查分析,结果表明,样地草本植物丰富,调查到草本植物38科72属78种,并以样地菊科与禾本科为优势科,以络石、乌蔹莓和荩草为优势种,但不同乔木群落草本植物组成与优势种具有差异性。乔木群落草本植物的盖度、物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数均为黄山栾树女贞群落和女贞群落较高,香樟群落较低。草本植物多样性与乔木密度具有密切关系,且同一建群种草本植物多样性对密度响应具有非同步性。不同乔木群落的草本植物多样性指数峰值所处的乔木密度值不尽相同,在相近密度时,针叶林草本植物物种多样性往往高于阔叶林。

In order to study the diversity of herbs in urban parks, the paper made an investigation and analysis on herb diversity on a 1 hm^2 long-term dynamic monitoring plot in Gueun Park, Shanghai. The results showed that there were 78 species of herbs in the plot belonging to 72 genera and 38 families, and Compositae and Gramineae were the dominant families while Trachelospermum jasminoides, Cayratia japonica and Arthraxon hispidus were the dominant species, but there were differences in the composition of the herbs and the dominant species among different communities. The coverage, species richness, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index of herbs of Koelreuteria paniculata and Ligustrum lucidum mixed forest were higher than that of Cinnamomum camphora community. Herb diversity and arbor density were closely related, and the response of diversity of herbs to arbor density was non- synchronous for the same dominant species. The arbor densities at the peak of herb diversity index were different in different forest communities, and the herb diversity of coniferous communities was often higher than that of broad- leaved communities if the densities are similar.