消费模式如何影响家庭碳排放?——来自中国城市家庭的微观证据

How a Consumption Pattern Influences Household Carbon Emission?——Microscopic Evidence from China's Urban Households

家庭减排是节能减排以及生态文明建设的重要方面。本文基于消费模式通道(Consumer Lifestyle Approach)方法,采用中国城市家庭的调查数据,分析家庭社会经济特征通过消费模式对家庭碳排放的影响。结果表明:食品、衣着、家居和通信消费对家庭碳排放的贡献较大,收入提升和家庭规模变小主要通过这类消费增加家庭碳排放;教育水平提升通过衣着、交通通信、食品以及文教娱乐消费增加家庭碳排放;户主性别通过家居、交通通信以及文教娱乐消费影响家庭碳排放;婚姻状况通过食品或衣着消费影响家庭碳排放。可据此制定针对性更强的家庭减排政策。

Household carbon emission is an important aspect of energy conservation and emission reduction and ecological civilization construction as well. Based on consumer lifestyle approach and by using China's urban household survey data,the paper makes an analysis on how family social and economic characteristics influence household carbon emission in consumption patterns. As is shown in the findings,consumption of food,clothing,household items and communication contributes largely to household carbon emission,which is increased mainly by these consumptive items when income becomes higher and family size smaller; higher education level makes household carbon emission rise by improving clothing,transportation and communication as well as entertainment consumption; gender of the head of a household has influence on household carbon emission in the aspect of household items,transportation and communication as well as entertainment consumption; and marital status has impacts on household carbon emission in terms of food or clothing. Therefore,we should develop a more targeted policy towards household emission reduction.