中美粉尘职业暴露检测、评价与管理方法对比研究

Comparison study on monitoring,assessment and management methods of dust occupational exposure between China and USA

为了进一步提高我国工作场所粉尘检测和评价工作的科学性,对我国和美国工作场所中粉尘的采样、检测数据的统计处理、评价以及工作场所的管理等方面进行了对比。结果表明,美国把粉尘职业暴露水平的检测、数据的统计处理、评价以及再检测与评价进行有机结合并形成完善的管理体系,我国和美国的粉尘采样方法基本相同,但我国缺少对工作场所粉尘职业暴露水平检测结果的统计处理以及再检测与评价的管理规定。通过对中美两国相关内容的对比和分析,针对完善我国粉尘暴露检测、数据统计处理、评价以及再检测与评价方面提出建议。

In order to improve the scientific nature of dust monitoring and assessment at the workplace in China,the comparison was made between China and the United States of America with respect of dust sampling,statistical analysis and process of monitoring data,assessment and workplace management. The results showed that in USA,a perfect management system had been developed by combining dust occupational exposure monitoring,statistical analysis,assesment,periodic monitoring and reassessment. The methods of dust sampling were almost the same both in China and in USA. However,there were still no specific regulations about the statistical analysis and process of the monitoring results,reassessment of dust occupational exposure level at the workplace in China. Based on the comparison and analysis of the relevant aspects between China and USA,the proposals on improving the dust occupational exposure monitoring,the statistical analysis and process of data,the assessment,and the periodic monitoring and reassessment were put forward.