计划生育政策话语调控——基于共享话语的政策网络分析路径

Discourse Regulation of Family Planning Policy: Policy Network Analysis Path of Shared Discourses

从1980年独生子女政策正式启动至2016年全面二孩政策正式实施,我国计划生育政策走过了三十余年的历程。作为中国影响最大的公共政策之一,计划生育政策历经各种改革、调整,多方为此展开话语博弈。如何认识计划生育政策变迁背后的话语逻辑,如何辨识政策变迁过程中政策行为者通过建构制度化的话语联盟对政策进行话语调控是本研究关注的重点。基于共享话语的政策网络分析路径,本研究认为,计划生育政策变迁与政策网络结构变化相关,政策行为者通过知识、合法性、权力、焦点事件等对现有政策进行话语调控,争夺政策话语权,使其话语制度化,这些因素的变化引起政策网络之间不同程度的策略互动,从而影响政策运行轨迹。

China's family planning policy has gone through more than thirty years of history from the official initiation of one-child policy in 1980 to the formal implementation of universal two-child policy in 2016. As one of the most influential public policy in China, family planning policy has undergone various reforms and adjustments, multi-subject has launched the discourse game for it. It is the focus of this study that how to understand the discourse logic behind the changes of family planning policy, and how to identify policy actors' discourse regulation in the process of policy change through the construction of institutionalized discourse alliance. Based on policy network analysis path of shared discourse, this study considers that the change of family planning policy is related to the change of policy network structure. Policy actors regulate and control the discourse of the policy, fight for policy discourse power and institutionalize their discourse through the knowledge, legitimacy, power and focus events. The change of these factors leads to different levels of strategic interaction between policy network, thus affecting the policy operation trajectory.