呼吸道感染儿童肺炎支原体抗体检测结果分析

Analysis of the antibody detection results of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with respiratory tract infection

目的了解呼吸道感染儿童中肺炎支原体(MP)感染情况,为临床早期诊断和治疗提供可靠依据。方法采用胶体金法检测2 428例患儿血清中MP-IgM抗体,同时做其他相关实验室检查。结果 2 428例儿童的血清标本中检出MP-IgM抗体阳性535例,阳性率为22.03%,其中男童阳性率为21.05%,女童阳性率为23.19%,男女患儿之间阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=3.84,P>0.05)。四季均可检出呼吸道感染患儿MP-IgM抗体,其中冬季阳性率最高(28.07%),秋季次之(24.92%)。随着年龄的增长阳性率呈逐渐上升趋势,7岁~14岁儿童阳性率最高(36.96%)。结论胶体金法检测血清MP-IgM抗体操作简单,具有较高的敏感性和特异性,与血常规等联合检测有利于MP的早期诊断,本地区学龄前及学龄儿童为高危人群,临床应加强对MP的监控。

Objective To investigate the infection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae （MP） in children with respiratory tract infection, so as to provide a reliable basis for early diagnosis and treatment. Methods The serum MP - IgM antibody was detected by colloidal gold method in 2 428 cases of children, and other related laboratory tests were done. Results There were 535 cases of MP - IgM antibody positive in serum samples from 2 428 children with the positive rate 22.03% , in which the positive rate of boys was 21.05% and the rate of girls was 23.19%. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female children （χ^2 = 3.84, P 〉 0.05 ）. MP - IgM antibody in children with respiratory infection could be detected out in four seasons. The positive rate of MP - IgM in winter was the highest （28.07%）, followed by autumn （24.92%）. With the increase of age, the positive rate was gradually increased, the highest rate of school - age children （36.96%）. Conclusion Detection of serum MP- IgM antibody by colloidal gold method is simple, with high sensitivity and specificity. Combined with routine blood test, colloidal gold method is helpful for the early diagnosis of MP. The preschool and school - age children are high risk population. The monitoring of MP in preschool and school - age children should be strengthened.