肺结核咳血患者栓塞术后不同饮食模式的研究

The research of different diet modes of patients with hemoptysis of pulmonary tuberculosis after embolism operation

目的 探讨禁食对肺结核咳血患者栓塞术后不良反应、饥饿感、焦虑和血淀粉酶、血糖的影响.方法 选取长沙市中心医院2014年6月至2015年12月肺结核咳血行支气管动脉栓塞术患者92例,按手术日期分为不禁食组31例、禁食6 h组31例和禁食24 h组30例.不禁食组术后给予常规饮食;禁食6h组和禁食24h组分别在术后6h和24h开始进食.比较3组患者栓塞后不良反应、饥饿感的发生情况及焦虑和血糖、淀粉酶水平.结果 术前3组患者栓塞后不良反应、饥饿感的发生情况及焦虑状况和血糖、淀粉酶水平比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;术后3组饥饿感比较差异有统计学意义（F=13.308,P〈0.01）,禁食24 h组患者强于禁食6 h组,禁食6 h组强于不禁食组;禁食24 h组患者术后焦虑评分高于其他2组（F=6.509,P〈0.05）,禁食24 h组患者次日晨空腹血糖高于其他2组（F=6.642,P〈0.05）;术后禁食6 h组和不禁食组的焦虑比较以及3组患者的术后栓塞不良反应和72 h血淀粉酶的两两比较差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）.结论 禁食将引起和加重肺结核咳血患者栓塞术后的饥饿感、焦虑和营养不良,应鼓励患者早期进食.

Objective To discuss the influences of fasting on the embolism adverse reactions, sense of hunger, blood amylase, blood glucose and anxiety of patients with hemoptysis of pulmonary tuberculosis after embolism operation. Methods Selected 92 cases of patients with hemoptysis of pulmonary tuberculosis who have taken bronchial artery embolism in Pulmonary hospital of Changsha central hospital from June 2014 to December 2015,randomly divided the patients into three groups according to operating date, namely, the non-fasting group, 6h fasting group and 24h fasting group. The non-fasting group have routine diet after the operation; the 6h fasting group and 24h fasting group respectively fasted for 6 hours and 24 hours. Then compared the embolism adverse reactions, sense of hunger, blood amylase, blood glucose and anxiety of the patients in the three groups so as to check whether there is difference. Results Before operation, there was not significant difference in adverse reaction of embolism, sense of hunger, anxiety, blood glucose and amylase between the three groups （P〉 0.05）. After operation, there was significant difference in hunger sense of difference between the three groups（F=13.308,P〈0.05）, the hunger sense of 24 h fasting group was more serious than 6h fasting group than non-fasting group;the anxiety score of 24h fasting group is higher than the other two（F=6.509,P〈0.05）, and the value of the next morning fasting blood glucose in fasting group 24h is higher than other two（F=6.642,P〈0.050）. comparing the score of anxiety in 6h fasting group and non-fasting group, there was not significant difference, and comparing the post-embolism adverse reaction, 72 h blood amylase of all three groups and these groups one to one, there was also not significant difference （ P＆gt;0.05）. Conclusion Fasting will cause and intensify the sense of hunger, anxiety and nutrition disorder of patients with hemoptysis of pulmonary tuberculosis after embolism.