13种农药对家蚕的急性毒性

Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Thirteen Pesticides on Silkworm

[目的]明确13种农药对家蚕(Bombyx mori)的毒性效应,评估农药对家蚕造成的潜在风险。[方法]在实验室条件下采用饲喂毒叶法测定13种农药对家蚕的急性毒性,并采用风险商值(RQ)进行风险特征描述。[结果]杀虫剂对家蚕的毒性较高,杀菌剂、杀螨剂、除草剂的毒性较低,杀虫剂的RQ均>1。[结论]呋虫胺、啶虫脒、吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、阿维菌素和联苯菊酯对家蚕存在风险,最外围桑树上的戊唑醇对家蚕存在风险,但次外围桑树上的戊唑醇对家蚕造成的风险可接受。

[Aims] The aims were to determine the acute toxicity of thirteen pesticides on silkworm and assess the potential risk of pesticides. [Methods] The acute toxicity of thirteen pesticides on silkworm were tested under laboratory condition by intake toxic leaf method. The risk quotient （RQ） was used to describe the risk characteristics. [Results] The results showed that the acute toxicity of insecticides on silkworm was higher than fuguicides, acaricides and herbicides. The RQ of insecticides were all above one. [Conclusions] The risk of dinotefuran, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, abamectin and bifenthrin was unacceptable. The risk of tebuconazole to outermost mulberry leaves was unacceptable, but the risk oftebuconazole to second row of mulberry leaves can be accepted.