2011～2013年济南市某医院儿童急性呼吸道住院病例流感病毒感染调查

Investigation on hospitalized acute respiratory cases among children with influenza virus infection in a hospital,Jinan city,2011-2013

目的了解济南地区儿童急性呼吸道住院病例流感病毒感染的流行规律。方法 2011~2013年,采集济南市中心医院儿童急性呼吸道感染住院病例的标本340份,采用Real-Time PCR方法,检测A(H3N2)流感病毒、甲型H1N1流感和乙型流感病毒。结果检测340份儿童住院急性呼吸道住院病例,检出流感病例49例,阳性率为14.41%,不同年份阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。甲型H1N1流感病例14例,A(H3N2)流感病例11例,乙型流感病例22例,混合感染2例。流感病毒检出主要在冬季(占83.67%,41/49),不同季节的阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);阳性率最高的为≥5岁年龄组,为16.87%。结论流感病毒是住院急性呼吸道感染病例的最常见病毒性病原,且具有季节性,≥5岁儿童感染率最高。

Objective To understand the epidemic rules of hospitalized acute respiratory cases among children with influenza virus infection in Jinan areas. Methods A total of 340 samples of hospitalized acute respiratory cases among chil dren collected from 2011 to 2013 were used to detect influenza A （H3N2） virus,influenza A （H1N1） virus and influenza B virus by Real-Time PCR. Results There were 49 cases of influenza out of 340 hospitalized samples and the positive rate was 14.41% ,among which there were 14 cases of influenza A （H1N1） ,11 cases of influenza A （H3N2） ,22 cases of influenza B virus and 2 cases of mixed infection. As for seasonal distribution,the detection of influenza viruses appeared in winter, accounting for 83.67%. From the age distribution, equal or greater than above 5 age group （5-12 year）showed the highest positive rate （16.87 % ）. In addition, variance of positive rates among years and seasons had statistical significance by statistics analysis. Conclusion The influenza virus is the most common viral pathogen among hospitalized acute respiratory cases among children distributed by seasons, the highest influenza infection rate is among children above five years old.