2016年青岛市城阳区初中生艾滋病知识知晓情况及影响因素调查

Survey on AIDS awareness and influential factors among junior high school students,Chengyang district,Qingdao city,2016

目的了解青岛市城阳区初中生艾滋病知识、态度的认知现状及需求,为今后针对初中生开展关于艾滋病的警示性教育提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取城阳区2所学校的初一、二学生,采用自行设计的调查问卷进行现场调查。采用χ~2检验对影响初中生艾滋病知晓率差异进行比较;采用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析影响初中生艾滋病知晓率的因素。结果共发放问卷1 980份,其中有效问卷1 925份,有效率为97.22%,艾滋病相关知识知晓率为64.68%,对艾滋病的传播途径知晓率较高,以血液途径传播最高为93.66%(1 803/1 925),对艾滋病的非传播途径,蚊虫叮咬是否会传播艾滋病的回答正确率仅为39.89%(768/1 925)。单因素分析显示:初二学生艾滋病知晓率高于初一学生(P<0.01),父母的职业是公务员和企事业单位者高于务农、经商者(P<0.01),父母文化程度高中及以上者高于初中及以下者(P<0.01),愿意与艾滋病病人交往者高于不愿交往者(P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,初中生艾滋病知晓率与年级(OR=8.84,95%CI:7.01~11.18)、对待艾滋病感染者的态度和行为(OR=2.28,95%CI:1.80~2.90)明显相关。结论中学是性心理、性观念成熟的重要阶段,初中生的艾滋病知识掌握不全面、不系统。

Objective To understand the current status of awareness on the knowledge,attitude and behavior of AIDS among junior high school students in Chengyang district, so as to provide basis for health education on AIDS among them. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect the first and second grade students. The self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct a field survey. The difference of awareness rate of AIDS among the junior high school students was compared by using the chi-square test. The influencing factors of the AIDS awareness rate among junior high school students were analyzed by multivariate unconditional logistic regression model. Results In a total of 1 980 surveyed,1 925 were recovered,the effective rate was 97.22%, the AIDS awareness rate was 64. 68% and the awareness rate of HIV/AIDS transmission route was higher 93.66% （1 803/1 925）. However,the correct rate of HIV/ AIDS transmission was only 39.89 %（768） for non-transmission of HIV/AIDS. Univariate analysis showed that the factors affecting the awareness rate of AIDS among junior high school students were as follows ：The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was significantly higher than that of the first grade students（ P 〈0.01）. Parents＇ occupation was civil serv ants,enterprises and institutions was significantly higher than that of farming, business（ P 〈0.01）. That of parents with senior high school and above education level was significantly higher than that with junior high school education level（ P 〈0.01）. That of those who were willing to communicate with AIDS patients was higher than that of those who were unwilling to communicate with AIDS patients （ P 〈0.01）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors related to AIDS awareness were grade（ OR =8.86,95% CI ：7.01 11.20） ,attitude and behavior towards people living with HIV/AIDS（ OR =2. 283,95% CI ：1.80-2.90）. Conclusion High school is an important stage of sexual psychology and sexual maturity. The junior high students have incomplete knowledge about HIV/AIDS,which is incomprehensive and unsystematic.