咳嗽敏感性增高豚鼠模型两种造模方法比较研究

Comparative Study of Two Methods of Making Model of the Cough Sensitivity Increased Guinea Pig

目的:比较咳嗽敏感增高豚鼠模型两种造模方法的优劣。方法:选用SPF级Hartley雄性豚鼠30只,随机分成两组,每组15只,分别为模型Ⅰ组和模型Ⅱ组。模型Ⅰ为环磷酰胺加高剂量卵蛋白腹腔注射主动免疫,模型Ⅱ为低剂量卵蛋白腹腔注射主动免疫,余方法一致。雾化激发后,两组豚鼠予以500μmol/L辣椒素溶液雾化吸入2 min,记录雾化后3 min内的咳嗽频次。两组豚鼠用10%水合氯醛,0.4 m L/100 g麻醉后,插管上机,颈静脉注射生理盐水及不同浓度乙酰甲胆碱溶液进行气道激发,并测定其阻力。结果:辣椒素雾化测定咳嗽频次方面,Ⅰ组和模型Ⅱ组比较,无明显差异(P>0.05);在生理盐水和不同乙酰甲胆碱溶液浓度进行激发气道阻力测定方面,生理盐水、乙酰甲胆碱400 mg/L、800 mg/L,3组无明显差别(P>0.05),在乙酰甲胆碱100 mg/L、200 mg/L激发时,模型Ⅱ组气道阻力远大于模型Ⅰ组(P>0.05)。结论:咳嗽敏感增高豚鼠模型Ⅰ与模型Ⅱ在咳嗽敏感性方面无明显差别,但模型Ⅱ的气道收缩反应更为强烈,较低浓度乙酰甲胆碱就使气道阻力达到峰值,而模型Ⅰ豚鼠气道阻力随着乙酰甲胆碱浓度增高而平缓上升,能够很好模拟咳嗽敏感性增高。

Objective： To compare the advantages and disadvantages of two methods of rooking cough sensitivity increased guinea pig model. Methods ： 30 male Hartley guinea pigs with SPF grade were randomly divided into two groups with 15 guinea pigs in each group. Model I ： Using cyelophosphamide and higher dose ovalbumin （ OVA ）to intraperitoneally inject for active immunization; Model lI： Using lower dose OVA to intraperitorleal inject foractive immunization. The rest steps were the same. After the atomization excitation, the two groups of guinea pigs were given 500 μmol/L capsaicirl solution to atomizing inhalation lasting 2 rain, and to number the times of cough in 3 mirl after atomize inhalation. To anaesthesia two groups of guinea pigs with 10% chlorine hydrate （ 0.4 mL/100 g ）. Then, intubatirlg the guinea pigs＇ trachea and conneeting to the animal respirator. Making the airway excitation on the machine, the airway exeitati,m, and the determination of its resistance. Injecting normal saline solution and different concentration of methacholirle in the jugular vein to stimulate the airway and measure the resistance. Results： In the comparison of cough frequency, using eapsaicin atomization, model I group and model I1 group were no significant difference （P〉0.05）; In the measurement of airway resistance within airway stimulating： physiological saline, methacholine solution of 400 mg/L and 800 mg/L, the three groups had no significant difference （ P〉0.05 ）, and in methacholine solution of 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L, airway resistance of Ihc two groups are far significant different （ P〉0.05 ）. Conclusion ： In cough sensitivity aspect, there was no significant difference between cough sensitivity increased guinea pig model I and model II, but airway constriction of model II in response of methacholine solution was stronger, and low concentrations of methacholine solution make airway resistance reached its peak in model II. In model I, airway resistanee of guinea pig was gradually increasing with the concentration of methacholine solution increasing. The method I could simulate the cough hypersensitivity better.