不同施肥管理措施下土壤生物环境的灰色关联度分析

Grey Correlative Degree Analysis of Soil Biological Environment in Different Manure Management System

为了研究长期不同施肥对土壤生物环境的影响,1993年在中国农业大学曲周试验站进行了施用15.0 t/hm^2和7.5 t/hm^2有机肥(包括EM堆肥和传统堆肥)、施用化肥和不施肥对照处理的田间试验。2004年6月取样分析,结果表明,随着有机肥用量的增加,土壤的基础呼吸、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性及微生物生物量碳和线虫数量也随着增加;施用化肥可以提高土壤的基础呼吸、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性及微生物生物量碳数量,减少线虫总数和食细菌线虫的数量。不同的施肥处理对土壤基础呼吸和微生物生物量碳含量的影响趋势由大到小为EM堆肥、传统堆肥、化肥、对照。应用灰色关联理论对土壤生物环境效应进行多目标综合评价得出,EM堆肥处理(15.0 t/hm^2)对土壤生物环境因素的影响最为有利。

In order to study the impact of soil biological environment under long-term applied manure,a field experiment EM compost,traditional compost （15.0 t/hm^2,7.5 t/hm^2）,chemical fertilizer and control was conducted in Quzhou experimental sta-tion,China Agricultural University,in 1993. Soil samples were collected in June of 2004,and the results showed that soil basal respiration, urease and alkali-phosphatase activity, microbial biomass carbon content,soil total nematode and bacterivorous ne-matode number were increased when the amount of applied organic manure were increased. Applied chemical fertilizer could enhance soil basal respiration,urease and alkali-phosphatase activity,microbial biomass carbon content,but decreased total ne-matode and bacterivorous nematode number. The soil basal respiration and microbial biomass carbon content in treatments had the following ascending trend：EM compost,traditional compost,chemical fertilizer,control. The comprehensive multi-objective e-valuation showed EM treatment （15.0 t/hm^2） was the optimum treatment for soil biological environment establishment according to grey correlative degree analysis.