电火花小孔加工电极损耗及形状变化试验研究

Experiment Research on Tool Wear and Shape Change in Small Hole Electrical Discharge Machining

对电火花小孔加工进行试验研究,分析电极长度损耗和角损耗的影响因素,得到电极材料、工件材料、加工极性对电极长度损耗和角损耗的影响规律.以模具钢为加工对象进行电火花小孔加工,分析了小孔加工时黄铜电极与石墨电极的形状变化规律.发现电极先发生角损耗,形成球状端面,当进入侧面损耗阶段后,形成锥状电极.试验结果还表明随着加工的进行,工具电极前端面的锥度不断增大,但电极端面圆弧的圆心角基本恒定.

Experiment is conducted on small hole EDM to analyze the factors of electrode length loss and periphery loss,and the influences of electrode material,workpiece material and the polarity effect are obtained.Taking die steel as the research object and carrying small hole EDM,the shape variation of brass electrode and graphite electrode in small hole machining is analyzed. It is found that the electrode occurs periphery loss first,forming a spherical end surface. After entering the lateral electrode,it will form a tapered electrode. The test results also show that with the advance of processing,the taper of the front end face of the tool electrode is increasing,but the electrode surface of circular arc angle is almost constant.