对外汉语教学语法体系之反思与探讨

On Grammar for Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language: Reflections and Explorations

现行对外汉语教学语法体系在语法点的选取、分类、分级及解说上都存在诸多问题,与汉语理论语法和对内汉语教学语法纠缠不清,没有很好地体现对外汉语教学语法的特点,并缺乏教学可操作性。当前,我们需要也可以依据现有的成果对体系进行必要的修订。然而,为了建立一个理想的对外汉语教学语法体系,我们还必须着手以下几方面的工作:(1)基于语料库及与主要外语语种的比较,确立哪些语法项目或者说语法点应该进入我们的教学语法体系;(2)加大力度研究学习者对这些语法点的习得难易度;(3)对语法点的语义语用规则进行深入研究,以期获得对各语法点的准确、简明而又实用的解说。

The current grammar system for teaching Chinese as a foreign language is problematic in terms of selection, classification, level placement and instructional explanation of grammatical points. This is because of the current system＇s lack of distinction from theoretical grammar and the pedagogical grammar for Chinese native speakers. It hasn＇t reflected the characterisfics of gammar for teaching Chinese as a foreign language and lacks feasibility. Based on current research results, now we must and can make necessary revisions of the current grammar system. However, to make the system work, research needs to be done in the following areas： 1） we should illst determine what grammatical points to include and what not to include based on the analysis of interlanguage corpus and the comparative studies of Chinese and some major foreign languages; 2） we also need to research the scale of difficulty for all grammar points in the eyes of the language learners; 3） we must do more research into the semantic and pragmatic rules of all grammar points in order to give students more accurate and pedagogically viable explanations.