《现代汉语八百词》虚词和语缀特点解析

On the Characteristics of the Empty Words and Affixes in the Dictionary of 800 Modern Chinese Words

本文以《现代汉语八百词》中的虚词和语缀为研究对象,通过对二者讲解特点的分析发现,该书通过文字和公式详细列出每一个词条的可能搭配、使用条件、分布规律、适用语体等,并配以大量实例辅助说明,同时下设"习用语""比较""同义词、近义词""注意"等实用条目,帮助学习者辨析容易混淆的现象,厘清词条之间的关系。这些以具体用法为核心的编排体例和讲解特色对汉语语法教学、语法教材编写、教学语法体系构建等具有重要的参考与指导意义。

This article mainly deals with the empty words and affixes in the Dictionary of 800 Modern Chinese Words. An analysis of the explanations of the two categories shows that the dictionary has employed detailed words and formulas to explain each entry, listing its syntagmatic relations, use conditions, distributions, genres it is applicable to, and so on, and has provided a large number of supportive examples Meanwhile, it also includes such practical items as ＂Idioms＂, ＂Comparison＂, ＂Synonyms/homonyms＂ and ＂Attention＂ to help Chinese language learners distinguish easily confusable words and clarify the relationship between them. This usage-based arrangement and style of explanation make the dictionary a valuable reference for Chinese grammar teaching, the compilation of Chinese grammar textbooks, and the construction of the pedagogical Chinese grammar system.