日本学习者汉语对举格式习得偏误分析

An Error Analysis of Japanese Learners' Acquisition of the Chinese Symmetrical Construction

对举格式是现代汉语一类重要的语法形式。针对日本学习者的语言调查显示,对举格式中成分对举背后所含有的汉语母语者的范畴化认知因素以及语义形成过程中的概念整合模式给学习者造成了一定的学习障碍。此外,日本学习者在对举格式的学习过程中还表现出对结构形式认识的不足以及日语母语的迁移等特点。因此,该格式的教学应该结合词语文化内涵义的教学来进行,同时还应该加强格式的形式特征以及格式中概念整合模式的教学,对日本学习者还可以采取"扬长避短"的教学策略。

The symmetrical construction is an important grammatical form in modern Chinese. A language survey of Japanese learners shows that the different ways of cognitive categorization between speakers of different languages and the model of conceptual blending have caused difficulties for them to learn this construction. The learners＇ non-sufficient knowledge about the structure of this construction and their transfer of Japanese language can also be seen in this survey. Accordingly, it is suggested that the teaching of the Chinese symmetrical construction should be accompanied by the teaching of cultural connotations of the words, and at the same time, the formal features and the model of conceptual blending about this construction should be valued. Teachers can make best use of the advantages and bypass the disadvantages when they teaeh Japanese learners this construction.