奥氮平与氟哌啶醇治疗苯丙胺类所致急性精神障碍临床观察

Clinical observation of olanzapine and haloperidol in the treatment of amphetamines-induced acute mental disorder

目的探讨奥氮平与氟哌啶醇治疗苯丙胺类所致急性精神障碍的临床疗效。方法将78例苯丙胺类所致急性精神障碍患者采用随机数字表法分为两组，每组39例。奥氮平组给予奥氮平治疗，氟哌啶醇组给予氟哌啶醇治疗，观察2个月。于治疗前后比较两组患者简明精神病量表评分及不良反应发生率。结果治疗后两组简明精神病量表各因子评分及总分均显著低于治疗前（P〈0．01），奥氮平组焦虑抑郁、缺乏活力及总分均较氟哌啶醇组下降更显著（P〈0．05或0．01）。奥氮平组不良反应发生率为43．6％，氟哌啶醇组为66．7％，奥氮平组显著低于氟哌啶醇组（P〈0．05）。结论奥氮平治疗苯丙胺类所致急性精神障碍疗效较好，安全性高，优于氟哌啶醇治疗。

Objective To explore the efficacy of olanzapine and haloperidol in the treatment of amphetamines induced acute mental disorder （AAMD）. Methods According to random number table 78 AAMD patients were assigned to two groups of 39 ones each treated with olanzapine or haloperidol for 2 months. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS） scored and incidences of adverse reactions were compared between 2 groups before and after treatment. Results After treatment each factor and total scores of the BPRS in both groups were significantly lower compared with pretreatment （P 〈0.01） and in olanzapine group anxiety-depression, lack of vitality and total score lowered more significantly than in haloperidol （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. The incidence of adverse reactions was respectively 43.6% in olanzapine and 66.7G in haloperidol group and the former significantly lower than the latter （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Olanzapine has better efficacy and higher safety compared with haloperidol in treating the AAMD.