工娱治疗对住院女性精神分裂症患者康复的影响

Effects of occupational and recreational treatment on rehabilitation of hospitalized female schizophrenics

目的探讨工娱治疗对住院女性精神分裂症患者康复的影响。方法将50例住院女性精神病患者按照随机数字表法分为两组，每组25例，两组均予以常规抗精神病药物治疗，研究组由护士每日带人工娱治疗中心进行工娱治疗，对照组进行常规性健康教育及常规护理，观察4周。治疗前后采用简明精神病量表评定精神症状改善状况，护士用住院患者观察量表评定行为和社会能力状况。结果治疗前两组各量表评分比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；治疗后研究组简明精神病量表评分显著低于对照组（P〈0．01），护士用住院患者观察量表总积极因素评分显著高于对照组，总消极因素评分显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论对女性精神分裂症患者在药物治疗的基础上积极开展工娱治疗具有协同增效作用，更有利于矫正不良行为，提高社会适应能力，对促进患者早日回归社会具有重要作用。

Objective To explore the effects of occupational and recreational treatment （ORT） on rehabilitation of hospitalized female schizophrenics. Methods Fifty hospitalized female schizophrenics were assigned to two groups of 25 ones each according to random number table, both groups treated with conventional antipsychotic, research group was carried to ORT center to receive ORT per day, and control group received routine health education and nursing for 4 weeks. Mental symptoms were assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS） before and after treatment and behavior and social ability with the Nur- ses＇ Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation （NOSIE）. Results Before treatment there were no significant group differences in each scale score （P〈0.05） after treatment the BPRS score was significantly lower （P〈0.01）, total activeness of the NOSIE higher, and total passiveness lower （P〈0.01）, in research than in control group. Conclusion Active ORT has a synergism in the treatment of female schizophrenics on the basis of medication, is more beneficial to the correction of unhealthy behaviors, improve social adaptation, and has an important effect on promoting patients＇ early return to society.