不同施肥方法对芸豆干物质及氮磷钾积累动态的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizing Methods on Dry Matter and NPK Accumulation Dynamic of Common Bean

为了实现芸豆高产高效,在冀西北坝上芸豆主产区,采用裂区试验设计,主因素为施肥方法,设基肥(撒可富复合肥375 kg/hm^2,播种前施入)和追肥(尿素75 kg/hm^2,结合灌水施入)2种,副因素为灌水时期(初花期灌水、初花期和鼓粒期2次灌水、鼓粒期灌水),研究了不同施肥方法对芸豆干物质及氮磷钾积累动态的影响。结果表明:施用基肥较追肥更利于芸豆各器官的生长和干物质的积累;芸豆对三大养分的需求量顺序为磷>钾>氮,其中,初花期到始熟期植株地上部的氮磷钾积累量增加得最快,其次是苗期到初花期。早施肥、施基肥、施用含氮磷钾的复合肥有助于氮磷钾在地上部植株中的积累,有利于产量的提高。

To provide theoretical basis for the common bean production,in the northwest of Hebei Province,where is the main production area of common bean,the effects on dry matter and NPK accumulation dynamic under different fertilizing methods was studied.Using split plot experiment design,the main factor is fertilizing method,containing base fertilizer（sakefu compound fertilizer 375 kg/hm^2,fertilized before sowing） and dressing fertilizer（urea 75 kg/hm^2,fertilized with irrigation）.The deputy factor is the irrigation stage（irrigation at early flowering stage,irrigation at early flowering stage and grain filling stage with 2 times,irrigation at grain filling stage）.The research results showed that base fertilizer was more beneficial to the growth of the common bean organs and dry matter accumulation than dressing fertilizer.The demand order for nutrients was P〉K〉N.The increasing of NPK accumulation in the plant from the initial flowering stage to the initial mature stage was the fastest,then the stage from the seedling to the initial flowering was followed.Therefore,early fertilization,base fertilizer,application of NPK compound fertilizer contributes to NPK accumulation in plants,it is beneficial to the improvement of production.