夏玉米生育后期“一水两用”技术对玉米产量以及冬小麦播种前土壤储水量的影响

Effect of Irrigation in the Later Growth Stage of Maize on Yield of Maize and Soil Water Storage before Sowing of Winter Wheat

为了探索冀中南地区冬小麦-夏玉米节水生产新途径,试验设"一水两用"技术(玉米生育后期浇水同时达到玉米增产和小麦足墒播种的目的)的浇水时间分别为9月10日和20日,以玉米生育后期不浇水为对照,研究了不同浇水时间对玉米产量以及下茬小麦播种前0~20 cm耕层含水量和0~200 cm土层储水量的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,9月10日和20日浇水对玉米穗粒数影响不大,但均能提高千粒重和产量,增产率分别为6.35%和4.44%;0~20 cm耕层含水量平均提高4.00%和7.43%,0~200 cm土层储水量平均提高2.38%和4.49%。"一水两用"技术不同浇水时间对玉米增产以及提高土壤储水量的效果不同,应根据不同的主目标选择不同的浇水时间:以提高夏玉米产量为主目标时,宜在9月10日前后夏玉米灌浆活跃期前浇水;以提高小麦播前土壤储水量和耕层含水量为主目标时,宜在9月20日后浇水。

Irrigation in the later growth stage of maize to increase the maize yield and ensure enough moisture for wheat sowing was used to study the effect of different irrigation times on maize yield and 0-20 cm soil moisture and 0-200 cm soil water storage before sowing of winter wheat with the irrigation time were September10 and 20,in order to explore a new way to save water in winter wheat-summer maize in central and southern Hebei Province.The results showed that irrigation on September 10 and 20 had little effect on the number of kernels per ear,but they could increase the grain weight and yield,the increasing were 6.35% and 4.44%,respectively.Topsoil moisture was increased by 4.00% and 7.43%,0-200 cm soil water storage was increased by an average of 2.38% and 4.49%.If want to improve the yield of summer maize,it should be watered on September 10,while irrigated after September 20,the soil water storage before sowing of winter wheat could be increasing significantly.