一种三聚季铵盐表面活性剂的合成

Synthesis of A Trimeric Quaternary Ammonium Surfactant

以N,N'-二甲基十八烷胺和1,6-二溴己烷为原料制得单头季铵盐(1);以1-溴十八烷和N,N,N',N'-四甲基-1,6-己二氨己烷为原料制得单头季铵盐(2);1和2反应合成了一种三聚季铵盐表面活性剂(3),其结构经~1H NMR和IR确证。采用电导法和吊环法研究了3的表面性能。结果表明:25℃下,3的cmc为0.01 mmol·L^(-1);γcmc为14.904 mN·m^(-1);C20为0.003 mmol·L^(-1)。

Two single-head quaternary ammonium salts （1 and 2） were prepared from N, N＇-dimethyl- octadeeylamine, 1,6-dibromohexane and 1-bromooctadecane, N, N, N＇, N＇-tetramethyl-1,6-diamin- ohexane, respectively. A trimeric quaternary ammonium surfactant（3） was synthesized by the reaction of 1 and 2. The structure was confirmed by 1H NMR and IR. The surface properties of 3 was investiga- ted by conductance method and ring method. The results showed that eme, γcmc and C20 of 3 are 0.01 mmol L-1, 14. 904 mN m- 1,0. 003 mmol L-1 at 25 ℃, respectively.