对罗尔斯正义理论中“基本善”理念的研究

A Study of the “Primary Goods” in Rawls' Theory of Justice

约翰·罗尔斯是现代西方最著名的政治哲学家之一。自《正义论》问世,罗尔斯的正义理论就在西方各界的争论中不断发展演变。包含"自由原则"和"差别原则"两方面内容的正义原则一直是罗尔斯整个理论框架的大本大宗,而为了论证两个正义原则的合理性和正确性,罗尔斯提出了一系列正义的基本理念作为支撑和解释基础。其中,"基本善"理念十分复杂。通过对罗尔斯正义论体系中"基本善"的含义、作用等方面进行分析,总结出"基本善"应对当今时代发展所面临的机遇和挑战所具有的指导作用。

John Rawls is one of the most famous political philosophers in the modern West. Since A Theory of Justice was published, Rawls＇ theory of justice has been developing and evolving in the debates among people from all circles in western countries. The principle of justice, which includes the two princi- ples of ＂freedom principle＇and ＂difference principle＂, has long been the fundamental bulk of Rawls＇ whole theoretical framework. In order to demonstrate the rationality and correctness of the two principles of jus- tice, Rawls proposed a series of basic concepts of justice as the basis of support and explanation. Among the basic concepts, the concept of ＂primary goods＂ is quite complex. By analyzing the meaning and func- tion of the ＂primary goods＂ in Rawls＇ theory of justice, the study sums up the guiding role of ＂primary goods＂ in coping with the opportunities and challenges in facing with the development of the times.