浅谈《黄帝内经》中的“气”和“气化”

"Qi" and "QiHua" in "Huangdi Neijing"

[目的]分析《黄帝内经》对"气"和"气化"的论述,从而更深入地了解中医"气论"特点。[方法]对《内经》中与"气"和"气化"相关的条文进行分析,结合历代注家看法,总结《内经》对"气"和"气化"的认识。[结果]《内经》全书有19篇直接以"气"冠名,1700(2997)处提及"气"字,7处条文论述"气化"。《内经》中的"气"既可以是物质之气,也可以是功能之气,还可以是转化之气。其"气化"的概念包括阴阳五行的转化、各种精微物质的化生和转变、各种物质的运动和敷布、从化、气的运动、五运六气之气化等六个方面。[结论]《内经》中除少数章节外,几乎处处可见气化,从万物化生至精微所存,皆是气化。在《内经》视角下,"气化"既是化生天地万物的根本,也是维持人身健康之根本,因而也就必然是养生、诊断、治疗的根本所在。

[Objective] Analyze the discussion of Qi and Qi transformation in Huangdi Neijing, therefore to give insight into the Qi Theory of TCM. [Methods] Analyze articles about Qi and Qi transformation in Huangdi Neijing, as well as comments from doctors of all dynasties, to summerize the understanding on Qi and Qi transformation of Huangdi Neijin. [Result] In the whole book of Huangdi Neijing, there are 19 chapters named after Qi, 1700 （2997） characters of Qi are mentioned, and there are 7 discussions upon Qi transformation. The Qi mentioned in Huangdi Neijing can be material, or functional, or be able to transform. The conception of Qi transformation includes six parts： the transformation among Yin and Yang, among the five elements, and the growth and transformation among all kinds of essences, the transportation, nutrition and transformation among all kinds of matters, as well as the transportation of Qi and the transformation of five elements＂ motion and six kinds of natural factors.[Conclusion] Qi transformation is mentioned in all but a few chapters in Huangdi Neijing. Everything, from matters growing to turning into essences is actually Qi transformation. In Huangdi Neijing＇s view, Qi transformation is the fundamental of all matters coming into being, and the fundamental to stay healthy, therefore the fundamental of preserving health, diagnosis and treatment.