从经验到科学:系统科学论视角的体育教学探讨

From Experience to Science: A Probe into the Sports Teaching Theory in the Perspective of System Science Theory

系统科学理论是包含了信息论、控制论和系统论在内的新兴科学方法论,蕴含着面向现代教育优化的重要思维方式,可分别用来解决体育学科过渡依靠教师经验所造成的教学内容、教学结构以及教学方法的弊端,推动当代体育教学从经验主义走向科学实证。当代体育教学系统科学理论的实践可以从促成体育教学中多重信息源的动态循环、构建体育教学活而不乱的"科学放羊"结构、运用数理统计与创造性学习兼顾的体育教学方法等方面入手。

The system science theory is a new scientific methodology which includes the information theory, the cybernetics and the system theory, and contains an important thinking way of modern education-oriented optimization. It can be used to respectively solve the flaws in teaching contents, structures and methods caused by the excessive dependence of sports subject on experiences, which can promote contemporary sports teaching from empiricism to scientific demonstration. The practice of the system science theory of contemporary sports teaching can be started from such ways as the dynamic cycle leading to the creation of the multiple information sources in sports teaching, the construction of ＂the Science Grazes Sheep＂ structure in sports teaching with flexibility instead of disorder, and the application of sports teaching ways of a combination of mathematical statistics and creative learning.