成年人睡眠状况与糖尿病患病关系的研究

Relationship between sleep status and the risk of diabetes in adults

目的探讨成年人睡眠状况与糖尿病患病关系。方法利用“中国慢性病前瞻性研究”苏州市项目点53260名30～79岁常住居民基线调查数据，通过多因素logistic回归模型分析睡眠状况与糖尿病患病关系。结果调查人群糖尿病患病率为5．3％，入睡困难、容易早醒和经常打鼾的比例分别为7．2％、10．0％和29．5％，22．6％的调查对象报告睡眠时间≤6h。经多因素模型调整后，入睡困难（男性：OR=1．63，95％CI：1．30—2．05；女性：OR=1．48，95％CI：1．27—1．73）、容易早醒（男性：OR=1．37，95％C1：1．12～1．68；女性：OR=1．31，95％CI：1．14～1．51）和经常打鼾（男性：OR=1．16，95％CI：1．00～1．34；女性：OR=1．39，95％CI：1．23～1．57）均与糖尿病罹患风险存在关联。女性服用助眠药物与糖尿病的患病相关（0R=1．42，95％CI：1．06～1．92）。与睡眠时间8h相比，睡眠时间不足（≤6h）与男女性糖尿病患病均存在统计学关联，OR值分别为1．37（95％CI：1．17～1．60）和1．24（95％CI：1．08～1．41），睡眠时间过长（≥9h）与糖尿病未见统计学关联。结论睡眠问题（入睡困难、容易早醒、药物助眠、经常打鼾和睡眠时间不足）与糖尿病患病风险密切相关，睡眠时间过长与糖尿病患病未见统计学关联。

Objective To explore the relationship between sleep status and the risk of diabetes in adults. Methods The baseline data of 53 260 subjects who were aged 30-79 years and had been enrolled into China Kadoorie Biobank （CKB） study from Suzhou, Jiangsu province were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between sleep status and diabetes after adjusting for potential confounders. Results Among 53 260 subjects, 5.3% had diabetes. The proportions of difficultly falling asleep, early morning arousal and snoring frequently was 7.2%, 10.0% and 29.5%, respectively. There were 22.6% of subjects reporting sleep duration ≤6 hours. After controlling for possible confounders, the subjects with difficulty falling sleep （OR=1.63 for male, 95% CI： 1.30-2.05; 0R=1.48 for female, 95% CI： 1.27-1.73）, early morning arousal （OR=1.37 for male, 95%CI： 1.12-1.68; OR=1.31 for female, 95%CI： 1.14-1.51） or snoring frequently （OR=l.16 for male, 95%CI： 1.00-1.34; OR= 1.39 for female, 95%CI： 1.23-1.57） had a higher risk of diabetes. Using hypnotics regularly was associated with the risk of diabetes in females （OR= 1.42, 95%CI： 1.06-1.92）. Compared with 8 hours sleep duration daily, shorter sleep duration （≤ 6 hours） was associated with risk of diabetes in both males （OR=1.37, 95% CI： 1.17-1.60） and females （OR=1.24, 95% CI： 1.08-1.41）. No statistical significant association was found between longer sleep duration （〉~9 hours） and the risk of diabetes. Conclusion Sleep problems, including difficulty falling asleep, early morning arousal, snoring frequently and shorter sleep duration, were associated with the risk of diabetes, but no statistical significant association was observed between longer sleep duration and the risk of diabetes.