北京市常住居民对低碳减排健康共益认知的现况调查

Awareness of health co-benefits of carbon emissions reduction in urban residents in Beijing： a cross-sectional survey

目的评估北京市常住居民对低碳减排健康共益的认知及其影响因素。方法从北京市房山、海淀、怀柔和东城区分别随机抽取一个社区开展问卷调查，样本量通过Kish—Leslie公式计算，根据目标人群各年龄、性别分组的比例，分别在各社区选取相同性别和年龄比例的90份样本进行调查，采用疋。检验和有序logistic回归分析研究变量。结果在369名调查对象中，熟悉低碳减排健康共益者为12．7％。年龄（OR=0．98）、对气候变暖的态度（OR=0．72）、家庭人均月收入（0R=1．27）、对空气污染的态度（OR=1．59）和低碳生活方式（OR=2．36）等，是影响调查对象低碳减排健康共益认知的重要因素。结论对低碳减排健康共益的认知，受社会人口学特征（年龄、家庭收入），对气候变暖、空气污染的态度及低碳生活方式等因素的影响，在制定和实施低碳减排的舆论宣传、政策措施时，应考虑纳入这些因素。

Objective To understnd the awareness of the health co-benefits of carbon emission reduction in urban residents in Beijing and the influencing factors, and provide information for policy decision on carbon emission reduction and health education campaigns. Methods Four communities were selected randomly from Fangshan, Haidian, Huairou and Dongcheng districts of Beijing, respectively. The sample size was estimated by using Kish-Leslie formula for descriptive analysis. 90 participants were recruited from each community. χ2 test was conducted to examine the associations between socio-demographic variables and individuals＇ awareness of the health co-benefits of carbon emission reduction. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the factors influencing the awareness about the health co-benefits. Results In 369 participants surveyed, 12.7% reported they knew the health co-benefits of carbon emission reduction. The final logistic regression analysis revealed that age （OR=0.98）, attitude to climate warming （0R=0.72） and air pollution （OR= 1.59）, family monthly average income （OR= 1.27）, and low carbon lifestyle （OR= 2.36） were important factors influencing their awareness of the health co-benefits of carbon emission reduction. Conclusion The awareness of the health co-benefits of carbon emissions reduction were influenced by people＇ socio-demographic characteristics （age and family income）, concerns about air pollution and climate warming, and low carbon lifestyle. It is necessary to take these factors into consideration in future development and implementation of carbon emission reduction policies and related health education campaigns.