我国中产阶层发展滞后的现状、原因与对策

The Current Situation,Causes and Countermeasures of the Development of Middle Class in China

通过对经济发展水平和社会结构的对比研究发现,我国中产阶层发展明显滞后。我国目前人均GDP水平大约相当于欧美一些发达经济体20世纪70年代中后期的水平,而这些发达经济体在当时已经明显处于中产阶层占主体的社会,但我国目前中产阶层规模和比例还明显偏低。造成我国中产阶层发展滞后的原因包括:在整个社会财富的分配中,居民家庭收入占比偏低、社会贫富分化比较严重,等等。应构建公平的财富增长环境,企业和政府适当让利给居民,努力提高居民收入水平。短期内可针对重点人群制定并实施收入增长计划和中产职业计划,以期提高中产阶层的规模和比例。同时,推进教育资源均等化,促进社会底层向上流动。

Through the comparative study of economic development level and social structure, this study finds that the development of middle class lags behind in China. China＇s current level of GDP per capita is similar to some European and American developed economies in late 1970s. As far as economic development level is concerned, these developed countries has obvious been a typical middle class dominated society at the time. By contrast, China＇s current size and proportion of middle class is also significantly lower. This study finds that the fact that China lagged behind in the development of its middle class can be attributed to the low proportion of household income and the serious social polarization between rich and poor in the distribution of the entire social wealth, etc, . In order to improve the residents＇ income level and expand the size and proportion of the middle class, we suggest to build a fair wealth growth environment, and the enterprises and government give some benefit to residents in the income distribution. In the short term, in order to effectively increase the proportion and the size of the middle class, the government could carry out income growth plans and white-collar worker career planning for targeted groups. At the same time, we must accelerate the equalization of education resources so as to narrow the gap between rich and poor.