省直管能提升县域经济绩效吗?--基于河南省直管县改革的探索

Does the Reform of “Province-Directly-Administrated County”Improve Economic Performance?--Based on the Practice of Henan Province

省直管县体制改革是减少行政层级、提升行政效率的重要举措。评估其对县域经济绩效的影响,对进一步深化省直管县改革具有重要的理论和政策意义。在将河南省108个县划分为省直管县、扩权县、市管县的基础上,采用DEA模型分析不同类型县域的经济发展效率,通过构建计量经济模型分析不同类型扩权政策对县域产业结构和产出的影响。研究表明:(1)省直管县改革对于经济发展水平较低的直管县经济效率提升作用较为显著;(2)相对中心城市体量大、初始发展基础较差的大县和穷县,直管后具有更好的经济增长;(3)经济管理权限下放促进了县域经济增长,而社会管理权限下放对县域经济增长产生抑制作用,全面省直管则对县域经济增长再度产生促进作用;(4)宜稳步推进经济发展水平较低、占中心城市体量较大、距离较远的县进行省直管县改革。

The reform of ＂province-directly-administrated county＂ has become an important measure to reduce the administrative levels and enhance the administrative efficiency. This paper classified 108 counties in Henan Province into three types, namely province-gov- erning county, city-governing county and expansion county, and then analyzed the development efficiency of counties of different types by DEA model, and researched the impact of expansion policies on the industrial structure and output of counties based on the econo- metric model. The results show that： （1）The reform of ＂province-directly-administrated county＂ has a significant effect on the economic efficiency improvement of the counties in lower development level; （2）Counties with larger proportion of economy and poorer initial de- velopment bases have better performance after being directly managed by province ; （3）The decentralization of economic management has promoted the growth of the county, and decentralization of social management has inhibited the growth, while the reform of ＂province- directly-administrated county＂ has positive effect on the economic growth;（4）We should carry out the reform of ＂province-directly-ad- ministrated county＂ in the counties with poor initial development base, with a larger proportion of economy in central cities and with long distance from central cities.