基于能值分析的汉藏回民族地区环境承载力评价

Evaluation of environmental carrying capacity of the Han, Tibetan and Hui ethnic areas based on emery analysis

基于能值分析方法,以地处青藏高原的甘南藏族自治州、青藏高原与黄土高原交汇区的临夏回族自治州和黄土高原的定西市为研究对象,从环境的"资源支撑能力"和"废物消纳能力"两方面构建区域环境承载力评价的分析方法,用能值分析和环境承载力分析方法从不同角度分别计算1980-2008年定西市、甘南藏族自治州、临夏回族自治州的环境承载状况,并进行对比分析.研究表明:时间尺度上,两种计算结果出现较好的拟合,表明定西市的经济系统发展尚在环境承载范围之内,且环境承载状况保持动态稳定;甘南藏族自治州的环境承载力供给大于需求,处于冗余状态,但下降趋势明显;临夏回族自治州自2002年后经济发展超出了环境承载范围,资源约束趋紧,且这种超载趋势在不断加剧.最后针对区域差异分析3个地区可持续发展中存在的问题,并提出相应的优化方向及措施.

Based on the emergy analysis method, Gannan Tibetan autonomous prefecture in the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau, Linxia Hui autonomous prefecture in the Dingxi City of Loess Plateau and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Dingxi City in Loess Plateou were taken as the research objects. The evaluation method for carrying capacity from the ＂resource supporting capacity＂ and ＂waste assimilating capacity＂ was construct- ed and then used to measure the regional environmental carrying capacity in 1980-2008 of Dingxi city, Gannan Tibetan autonomous prefecture, Linxia Hui autonomous prefecture and a comparison analysis was made. The results showed that, on the time scales, two kinds of calculated results fitted well, indicat- ing that Dingxi＇s economic development was within the environmental load range, and the conditions of environmental carrying capacity were dynamically stable; Gannan＇s supply of environmental carrying ca- pacity was greater than demand, i.e. in a redundant state, but a downward trend was obvious. Since 2002, Linxia＇s economic development has exceeded its environmental carrying capacity, and resource con- straints become tighter and overload was increasing. Based on the regional differenced, the questions of regional sustainable development were analyzed, and the corresponding optimization direction and mea- sures put forward.