磷资源可持续利用新模式研究

Study on new patterns of sustainable utilization of phosphate resources

基于地球磷资源的有限性及中国磷资源现状,"郑州大学-云天化"及其合作单位开发并工业实施了一系列延长中国磷资源使用寿命的生产工艺,包括:利用含P_2O_515%~25%的磷矿通过高效率选矿得到含P_2O_530%的商品磷矿供磷铵、重钙生产使用;利用含P_2O_524%~27%的磷矿采用脲硫酸分解磷矿不排出磷石膏,代替原磷酸基复合肥料工艺生产中浓度、多营养、功能性复合肥料;利用含P_2O_514%~24%的磷矿生产多营养、碱性熔融钙镁磷肥;利用磷矿顶板含钾页岩生产熔融磷钾肥;利用磷矿尾矿二次选矿获得含P_2O_527%的磷精矿用于生产过磷酸钙;利用磷矿尾矿、二次尾矿配以滇池污泥生产土壤调理剂;利用磷酸生成的沉淀渣酸及精制磷酸的萃余酸生产包裹型缓释肥料。以上工艺可使各品位的磷资源得到合理利用,有望延长中国及世界磷资源开采寿命。

Given the limited phosphate resources on the earth and the phosphate resources situation in China, a series of proces- ses in extending the longevity of the phosphate resources are jointly developed and industrialized by ＂ Yuntianhua-Zhengzhou University and their business partners, which includes the follow- ing： production of ammonium phosphate and TSP using the eom- mereial phosphate rock containing 30~ Pz 05 obtained by effi- cient beneficiation of the phosphate ore containing 15%~ 25% P2O5 ;production of functional NPK compound fertilizer with me- dium concentration and multiple nutrients by the new process of decomposition of the phosphate ore containing 24% ~27 % P2 O5 with urea-sulfuric acid without phosphogypsum discharging in- stead of the original process of compound phosphate fertilizer pro- duction; production of Alkali molten calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer with multiple nutrients using the phosphate rock contai-ning P2 O5 14 % ~24 % ; production of molten phosphate and pot- ash fertilizer using the phosphate ore containing potassium shale on the roof; production of superphosphate using the phosphate ore containing 27% P2O5 obtained by secondary beneficiation Of phosphate tailings; production of soil conditioners using seconda- ry beneficiated tailings and Dianchi sludge; production of coated slow release fertilizer using precipitated sludge acid and extracted residual acid in phosphoric acid refinement. The reasonable use of the above processes for the different grade of phosphate ores can be expected to prolong the PR mining longevity of China and the rest of world.