脑小血管病的生物学标志物

Biomarkers of cerebral small vessel disease

脑小血管病（cerebral small vessel disease，CSVD）是指各种病因所致的影响脑组织微动脉、小动脉、小静脉和毛细血管的一组病理学过程。炎症和血管内皮功能障碍在导致CSVD相关性改变的机制中可能发挥重要作用，相关领域的研究有望成为深入了解CSVD的重要手段。CSVD导致脑组织功能障碍的驱动因素以及血管病变和原发性神经变性改变在导致CSVD过程中所起的相对作用尚不清楚。反映中枢神经系统变性病变和血管病变过程的脑脊液成分检查可提供重要信息。相关生化改变可能成为CSVD的早期识别指标，同时可增进对其特征性机制的了解。此外，CSVD特异性生物学标志物还能在监测治疗效果方面发挥重要作用。

Cerebral small vessel disease （CSVD） refers to a group of pathological processes caused by various causes that affect the microarteries, small arteries, venules and capillaries in brain tissue. Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction may play an important role in mechanism of leading to CSVD- related changes. The research in related fields is expected to become an important means of in-depth understanding of CSVD. The driving factors of brain dysfunction caused by CSVD and the relative role of vascular lesions and primary neurodegenerative changes in the process of CSVD remain unclear. The examinations reflecting cerebrospinal fluid components of the central nervous system degenerative lesions and vascular lesion process can provide important information. The related biochemical changes may become an early identification indicator of CSVD, at the same time it can enhance the understanding of its characteristic mechanism. In addition, CSVD specific biomarkers can also play an important role in monitoring the therapeutic effects.