乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物织物的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer fabric

为开发可用于苛刻环境下的工业用织物,以自制乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物(ETFE)长丝为原料,通过加捻、合股工艺制备出织造所需的ETFE纱线,利用半自动织机成功将其织成平纹织物,所得织物幅宽为(300±2)mm,厚度为0.397 mm。利用万能拉伸机、织物透气量仪、平板式保温仪和织物耐磨仪等对纱线及其织物进行性能表征。结果表明:ETFE织物透气率为562.1 mm/s,保温率为6.77%;ETFE织物具有优异的力学性能,其经向抗拉强度约为29.8 MPa,纬向强度为19.7 MPa,低于经向;热定型处理后,ETFE织物的热收缩率明显改善,150℃以下无明显收缩,在200℃仅为6%;在经过90℃的浓硫酸和氢氧化钠溶液处理后断裂强度均无明显变化,表现出良好的耐酸碱腐蚀性,有望用作苛刻环境下的工业用布。

In order to develop industrial fabrics capable of being used under harsh environmental conditions, ethylene-tetrafluoroethlene（ETFE） yarns were prepared from homemade ETFE filaments by twisting and combining folded yarns technologies. Then semi-automatic loom was used to weave plain fabrics. The width and thickness of as-prepared fabrics were about （300 ± 2） mm and 0.397mm, respectively. Universal tensile machine, fabric air permeability tester, flat fabric heat retention tester and abrasion tester were applied to characterize the properties of yarns and fabrics. The results shows that the gas permeability rate of ETFE fabric is 562.1 mm/s and the warmth retention rate is 6.77%. Moreover, 29.8MPa of warp-wise tensile strength, 19.7MPa of across-wise tensile strength and the equal level of wet-strength with dry-strength reveal good mechanical propertes of ETFE fabric. The thermal shrinkage of ETFE fabric achieves an obvious improvement with no shrink below 150℃ and only 6% shrinkage at the temperature of 200℃ after heat setting, showing a good temperature resistance. Moreover, mechanical properties of ETFE fabrics show no any deterioration after soaking in concentrated sulfuric acid and 90℃, respectively, showing excellent acid or alkaline resistant. As-prepared fabric has a great potential to be used under harsh environmental conditions.