战时“农都”促进外来旱地粮食作物本土化效益分析

Analysis on the Benefits of Foreign Dry Land Grain Crops Localization Promoted by Agricultural Capital at Wartime

抗战时期,高产的外来旱地粮食作物实现本土化,对支撑大后方经济具有重要的作用。柳州沙塘作为战时"农都",在此过程中开展了大量的工作,其科研效益,不仅表现在成功地对玉米、红薯、马铃薯等外来粮食作物进行了改良与优化,还表现在提供了先进的种植程序与方法,增强了生产实践的科学性及实效性。其经济效益,主要表现为促使这些旱地粮食作物在大后方地区迅速扩大种植面积,提高了产量,改变了传统的种植结构与方法。战时生产体制和科研试验系统的构建,是外来旱地粮食作物引进及传播效益增大的两大关键性因素。

During the Anti--Japanese period, the localization of high--yielding foreign dry land grain crops played the very important role to support the economy of the rear area. Li- uzhou Sha Tang, as a wartime ＂agricultural capital＂, did a lot of work in this process. The scientific research benefits of it, were not only reflected successfully on improving and opti- mizing foreign grain crops like corn, sweet potato, potato and etc. but also on providing ad- vanced planting procedures and methods, so as to enhance scientific and effective production practice. Its economic benefits were shown mainly to promote the rapid expansion of the planting area of these dry land grain crops in the large rear area, improve the yield, and change the traditional planting structure and methods. The production system and scientific research and experiment at wartime formed the two key factors of introducing foreign dry land grain crops and increasing transmission benefits.