社区护理干预对学龄前儿童视力保健行为的意义

Significance by community nursing intervention for preschool children vision care behavior

目的研究社区护理干预对学龄前儿童视力保健行为的指导价值。方法 1050例学龄前儿童,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组525例。实验组以社区医疗机构为依托接受护理干预,对照组不系统采取干预措施。护理后比较两组儿童的视力变化、家长对视力保健知识的认知程度及儿童的视力保健行为依从性。结果实验组儿童视力下降率为2.29%,明显低于对照组的16.19%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组家长对视力保健知识的认知程度明显优于对照组家长,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组儿童户外活动时间、用眼时间及眼保健操时间均明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论学龄前儿童的视力保健行为会直接影响儿童的视力健康和发育,通过社区护理干预,能够提高学龄前儿童视力保健行为依从性,降低儿童近视、弱视的发病率,值得临床推广。

Objective To research guidance value by community nursing intervention for preschool children vision care behavior. Methods A total of 1050 preschool children were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 525 cases in each group. The experimental group received nursing intervention on the basis of community medical institutions, and the control group received no systematic intervention measures. After nursing, comparison was made on vision changes, awareness degree of vision care knowledge by parents, and children compliance of vision care behavior. Results The experimental group had obviously lower vision descent rate as 2.29% than 16.19% in the control group, and the difference had statistical significance（P〈0.05）. The experimental group had better awareness degree of vision care knowledge by parents than the control group, and the difference had statistical significance（P〈0.05）. The experimental grup hadmuch better outdoor activities time, eye using time and ocular gymnastics time than the control group, and their difference had statistical significance（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Vision care behavior in preschool children shows direct influence on vision health and development. Implement of community nursing intervention can improve preschool children compliance of vision care behavior, and lower incidence of shortsightedness and amblyopia. This method is worth clinical promotion.