政府向院团购买演出服务的隐忧与反思

Reflections on the Purchase of Artistic Performances

政府向院团购买演出服务的本质是在公共文化服务供给中导入市场机制,但这并非意味着政府是在培育演出市场。演出服务的基本属性并非纯粹的公共产品,而是混合产品;演出本身只是特定专业性服务,使用了公共权力或公共资源所提供的演出服务是公共文化服务。政府用于购买演出服务的公共支出在演出市场中将产生替代效应和收入效应,购买政策的激励结构是否合理对演出市场的培育至关重要。治道变革视角之下,当前的主要问题是外在的行政秩序干扰了市场秩序的生成,核心问题是如何处理好政府和市场的关系。本文基于"吃饭靠政府、发财靠市场"的秩序定位,提出了对策建议。

The purchase of artistic performances by government doesn＇t equal to a cultivation of the performance market, though it has in fact introduced market system into the public culture service. With performance itself being regarded as special professional service, performance service is more of a mixed product than a pure public product. In this regard, performance service supported by public power or public resources is by nature public culture service. With the public expenditure for the purchase of performance service inevitably leading to substitution effect and income effect, whether the incentive structure of purchase policy is reasonable or not plays an important role in cultivating performance market. In the perspective of governance reform, government intervention of market order has become a major problem and the core issue is how to deal with the relationship between the government and market. The paper provides suggestions for the current situation of ＂relying on the government for daily operation and relying on the market for profit＂.