兰州市居民交通出行方式及时间研究

Travel patterns and related time of residents in Lanzhou

目的开展兰州市居民交通出行情况调查,了解其交通出行特点,分析相关交通出行暴露参数,探讨其影响因素。方法于2015年7-8月,调查兰州市3个区县2782名居民交通出行的方式和时间特征。结果兰州市居民交通出行方式主要为步行(占77.4%),其次为乘坐机动车(占47.8%)和骑自行车、摩托车、电动车(占9.0%);兰州市居民平均每天的交通出行累计时间为60.0 min/d,其中步行40.0 min/d,自行车或电动车40.0 min/d,摩托车30.0 min/d,小轿车60.0 min/d,公交车60.0 min/d。交通出行方式和时间因地区、性别、年龄、文化程度和职业而不同,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论兰州市不同地区、性别、年龄、文化程度和职业居民的交通出行方式和时间有差异。在开展人群交通出行过程中对空气污染物的暴露评估和健康风险评价时,应结合不同人群的实际交通出行模式选择合适的参数,以提高评估结果的准确性。

Objective To understand theresidents＇ travel patterns in Lanzhou and provide the parameters and the relevant influencefactors,in order to enhance the accuracy of exposure and health risk assessment of air pollution during travel. Methods Based on the questionnaire survey during July to August, 2015, the difference of travel patterns between region, gender, age,education level and occupation were investigated by using questionnaires and analysis of variance was used to analyze their influence factors. Results There were 77.4% of residents in Lanzhou travelled on foot, 47.8% by car, 9.0% by cycling. The totally accumulated average transport time of residents in Lanzhou was 60.0 min/d, while the walking time during traveling was40.0 min/d, by bike or electric bike was 40.0 min/d, motorcycle was 30.0 min/d, sedan was 60.0 min/d, by bus was 60.0 min/d.There was significant difference in travel patterns and travel time amongareas, gender, age, education and occupations（ P0.05）.Conclusion The travel patterns of residents in Lanzhou varied significantly according to different regions, gender, age,education and occupations. To improve the accuracy of exposure and health risk assessment of air pollution during traffic, travel patterns should be considered in the assessment and the appropriate parameters should be chosen.