地方行政、中间群体与地域社会的互动——评《明清歇家研究》

Interaction of Local Administration,Middle Group and Regional Society——A Review of A Study of Xiejia in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

在《明清歇家研究》中,作者将歇家定义为一种以"提供住宿与贮存服务"为核心功能的商业经营模式,并描述了它在明清时期向税关、赋役、仓场、司法等地方行政领域渗透的过程。它是行政控制必不可少的工具,同时也以其综合化的经营模式成为地方社会权力网络的重要组成部分。作者通过对明清商业化进程中歇家群体活动的多方面考察,展示出社会结构作为一种过程的不均衡状态是如何在相关行政制度的运行中发生作用的。

In A Study of Xiejia in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the xiejia is defined as a business model,whose core function is to provide accommodation and storage.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,this sort of business model widely penetrated into the local administrative field,such as the custom,taxation,warehouse and justice.With its integrated management,xiejia was an essential tool for administrative control,but at the same time,it became important part of local social power network.Through the study of the xiejia activities,the work let us realize that the social structure of the Ming and Qing Dynasties should be seen as an unbalanced dynamic process,and show us its operation in the relevant administrative system.