聚季铵盐的合成及杀生性能的研究

Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Polymer and Its Killing Effect of Marine Organism

本文以N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺与二氯乙醚为原料,通过聚合制备一种线性水溶性聚季铵盐。获得了该聚季铵盐较佳的合成条件:N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺与二氯乙醚反应原料配比1.04:1(mol/mol),反应温度98℃,反应时间16 h。初步研究了该种聚合物对海生物的杀生性能。结果表明:投加10 mg/L该聚季铵盐并作用24 h,海生物的死亡率最高。聚季铵盐具有高效、低毒、低泡、生物易降解的特点,对贝类、生蚝杀灭效果好,对鱼类影响小。

Trough aqueous solution polymerization using N,N,N＇,N＇-tetramethylethylenediamine and bis-（2-chloroethyl）ether as raw rnaterials,a kind of linear water-soluble quaternary alnmonium polymers were synthesized. Optimum reaction conditions is ：ratio of raw materials is 1.04 ： 1（mol/mol）, reaction temperature is 98℃, and reaction time is 16 h on the rate of conversion was studied by orthogonal experiment.. Then preliminarily evaluate the killing effect of quaternary to the marine. The result showed that the killing rate could reach 80 % under the conditons of dosage at 10 mg/L and duration time 24 h. The quaternary ammonium polymers was characterized by high eMciency, low toxicity, low foam and readily biodegradable. It can effectivety kill oysters, barnacles and mussels, but has little effect on fishes,